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View Product DetailsSodium Thioglycolic Acid (Sodium Mercaptoacetate, CAS 367-51-1) serves as a cornerstone organosulfur reagent in mineral processing, cosmetics chemistry, and organic chemical synthesis.
Understanding the redox behavior and selective chelation properties of Sodium Thioglycolic Acid in industrial applications.
Sodium Thioglycolic Acid, represented chemically as HS-CH₂-COONa (CAS Registry No. 367-51-1, EC No. 206-696-4), is the sodium salt of thioglycolic acid. Structurally, it features a dual-functional monomeric layout combining a nucleophilic thiol (-SH) group with a hydrophilic carboxylate (-COONa) salt moiety. This configuration imparts exceptional water solubility and rapid reactivity across broad aqueous pH spectrums.
The molecular weight of the pure salt is 114.10 g/mol. It typically manifests as a clear, colorless to pale amber liquid in industrial 80% to 90% solutions, or as a highly hygroscopic white crystalline powder in its solid form. The presence of the free sulfhydryl group gives the molecule strong reducing capabilities and specific affinity toward transition metal ions.
The reactivity of Sodium Mercaptoacetate is primarily dictated by the oxidation-reduction potential of the -SH group. In aqueous media, thioglycolate acts as a potent reducing agent, undergoing reversible oxidation to form sodium dithiodiglycolate:
2 HS-CH₂-COONa ↔ NaOOC-CH₂-S-S-CH₂-COONa + 2 H⁺ + 2 e⁻
Furthermore, the thiol and carboxylate groups synergize to form stable, five-membered chelate rings with heavy metals such as iron (Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺), copper (Cu²⁺), molybdenum (Mo), and bismuth (Bi). This high-affinity chelation forms the scientific basis for its performance as a selective froth flotation depressant and a metal surface passivation agent.
| Parameter | Industrial Liquid Grade (80%-90%) | High-Purity Powder Grade (≥99.0%) |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear colorless to light yellowish liquid | White crystalline fine powder |
| Active Content (Assay) | 80.0% - 90.0% Min | 99.0% Min |
| Density (20°C) | 1.25 - 1.35 g/cm³ | 1.48 g/cm³ |
| pH (10% aqueous sol.) | 6.5 - 8.5 | 6.0 - 7.5 |
| Iron (Fe) Content | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm |
Analyzing supply-demand dynamics, regional growth vectors, and green chemical shifts in global manufacturing.
The global copper and molybdenum mining industries are undergoing a massive transition toward environmentally compliant depressants. Historically, toxic sodium cyanide (NaCN) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) were widespread. Sodium Thioglycolic Acid has emerged as a premier non-toxic, eco-friendly alternative in copper-molybdenum separation circuits, driving a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 6.2% in South America (Chile, Peru) and North America.
In personal care, particularly in Europe and Asia-Pacific, consumer demand for gentle, odor-controlled, and highly effective depilatories and cold-waving hair products has elevated strict quality standards. Manufacturers require low-iron, high-purity Sodium Thioglycolate solutions with minimized odor profiles, necessitating advanced chemical refinement and synthetic precision.
In oilfield production and metallurgy, Sodium Mercaptoacetate serves as an active corrosion inhibitor component and iron scale remover. Its capacity to sequester ferrous ions prevents rust buildup in high-pressure oil pipelines and boiler systems, establishing steady industrial demand across the Middle East, Eurasia, and North America.
How China's integrated supply chains deliver unmatched scalability, batch consistency, and cost-efficiency to global chemical procurement.
Chinese chemical manufacturers leverage direct access to upstream raw material streams, including chloroacetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and sodium hydroxide. By localizing the precursor synthesis chain within unified chemical industrial parks, facilities reduce logistics bottlenecks and shield global buyers from extreme raw material price volatility.
This integration enables multi-ton continuous manufacturing processes. Continuous reaction technologies ensure tight control over reaction temperatures and stoichiometries, substantially reducing byproduct formation (such as thiodiglycolic acid and dithioglycolic acid) while maximizing active thiol yields.
Advanced Chinese facilities operate under international standard footprints (spanning up to 250,000 square meters), equipped with glass-lined reaction pressure vessels, automated crystallization units, and zero-discharge wastewater treatment plants. High-capacity operations ensure rapid order fulfillment, ranging from standard ISO tank shipments to customized drum packagings.
Rigorous environmental compliance guarantees uninterrupted supply continuity—a critical factor for international buyers vulnerable to supply chain disruptions caused by regional environmental shutdowns.
In-depth functional mechanisms of Sodium Thioglycolic Acid across major industrial verticals.
In the differential flotation of complex sulfide ores—specifically the separation of molybdenite (MoS₂) from chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂) and pyrite (FeS₂)—Sodium Thioglycolic Acid acts as a powerful selective organic depressant. It adsorbs onto copper and iron sulfide mineral surfaces via its sulfhydryl group, forming hydrophilic metal-thioglycolate complexes. This rendering of copper minerals hydrophilic prevents them from attaching to air bubbles, allowing pure molybdenite to float selectively. It operates effectively at lower dosages compared to traditional inorganic sulfide depressants while drastically improving environmental safety profiles in tailings ponds.
In hair styling and depilatory chemistry, Sodium Thioglycolate acts as a chemical reducing agent for hair keratin. The disulfide bonds (-S-S-) of cystine residues within hair fibers impart structural rigidity. The thioglycolate anion (-S-CH₂-COO⁻) penetrates the hair cortex and cleaves these disulfide cross-links, forming cysteamine residues and solubilizing the keratin structure. This permits temporary re-shaping during perming or complete breakdown of the hair shaft during depilatory procedures. Purity and trace metal control (Fe < 5 ppm) are vital to prevent skin irritation and color discoloration.
In upstream petroleum operations, high temperature and pressure environments contaminated with H₂S and CO₂ accelerate pipeline corrosion. Sodium Thioglycolic Acid forms a protective molecular film over ferrous metal surfaces. Additionally, its high affinity for Fe²⁺ ions allows it to solubilize iron sulfide and iron oxide scales without causing acid-corrosion damage to underlying steel infrastructure, extending equipment lifespans in aggressive sour gas wells.
Navigating global regulatory demands, shipping safety, and strict quality assurance protocols.
Overseas procurement of organosulfur chemicals requires adherence to regional environmental and safety frameworks. Leading manufacturers maintain comprehensive compliance packages:
Sodium Thioglycolic Acid requires specialized handling due to its potential corrosivity and sensitivity to oxygen and trace iron. Procurement specifications include:
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View DetailsTechnical guidance regarding Sodium Thioglycolic Acid specifications, handling, and procurement.
Thioglycolic Acid (CAS 68-11-1) is the free organic acid form (HS-CH₂-COOH), which is strongly acidic and volatile. Sodium Thioglycolate (CAS 367-51-1) is its neutralized sodium salt (HS-CH₂-COONa). The sodium salt is significantly less volatile, safer to transport, easier to handle in aqueous industrial formulations, and offers controlled pH stability in mineral flotation circuits and cosmetic products.
Thioglycolate ions react instantaneously with iron (Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺) to form a deep reddish-violet iron-thioglycolate coordination complex. In cosmetic depilatory or hair perming applications, elevated iron levels lead to severe product discoloration and skin staining. In mining flotation, uncomplexed active thioglycolate is required to selectively bind target mineral surfaces rather than being pre-consumed by iron impurities in solution.
Sodium Thioglycolate acts as a selective collector-depressant by chemically adsorbing onto the copper sulfide (chalcopyrite) and iron sulfide (pyrite) mineral surfaces. It forms hydrophilic metal-thioglycolate chelates that prevent xanthate collectors from rendering the copper minerals hydrophobic. As a result, molybdenite (MoS₂), which possesses natural hydrophobic floatability, selectively floats while copper and iron minerals remain depressed in the slurry.
Sodium Thioglycolic Acid solutions and powders should be stored in tightly sealed containers (HDPE drums, IBCs, or lined bags) under cool (15°C to 25°C), dry, and well-ventilated conditions away from direct sunlight, strong oxidizers, and heavy metal equipment. Containers should be purged with nitrogen where possible to prevent air oxidation into dithiodiglycolate.
Every commercial consignment is accompanied by a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheet (SDS) compliant with GHS regulations, Commercial Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading (BOL), and REACH/ISO certification documentation upon customer request.
Yes. Gentolex provides custom synthesis and solution blending capabilities. We supply liquid concentrations ranging from 45% to 90% active content, as well as spray-dried high-purity crystalline powder (≥99%), tailored to specific customer application parameters and logistics requirements.
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