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An authoritative analysis of Indobufen synthesis, pharmacology, regulatory dossiers, and global procurement optimization.
Indobufen (CAS Registry Number: 63610-09-3), chemically designated as 2-[4-(1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]butanoic acid, represents a highly selective, reversible isoindoline-derivative antiplatelet active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Unlike classic irreversible cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors such as acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), Indobufen exerts a potent, reversible inhibitory effect on platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), rapidly suppressing the downstream biosynthesis of Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) from arachidonic acid.
As global cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease burdens intensify—driven by aging demographics and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome—the therapeutic window for safe antiplatelet intervention has shifted toward agents that balance antithrombotic efficacy with minimized gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal damage and systemic bleeding risks. Indobufen’s distinct kinetic recovery profile (platelet COX-1 activity restores within 24 hours post-withdrawal) positions it as a preferred therapeutic alternative in secondary stroke prevention, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, and thromboembolism prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation patients, particularly those with ASA intolerance or elevated bleeding risk profiles.
| Parameter / Parameter Name | Specification Target / Requirement | Analytical Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Name | 2-[4-(1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]butanoic acid | IUPAC Nomenclature / Structure Verification |
| CAS Registry Number | 63610-09-3 | Chemical Abstracts Service Identification |
| Molecular Formula / Weight | C18H17NO3 / 295.33 g/mol | High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HR-MS) |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder | Visual Inspection |
| Assay (HPLC, Anhydrous) | 99.0% – 101.0% (w/w) | Validated RP-HPLC (USP / EP Methodology) |
| Chiral Purity (Racemic Control) | (S)/(R) ratio conforming to monograph specifications | Chiral HPLC (Enantiomeric Purity Assay) |
| Individual Related Impurities | Impurity A ≤ 0.15%, Impurity B ≤ 0.10%, Unspecified ≤ 0.05% | RP-HPLC with UV Gradient Detection (ICH Q3A) |
| Total Impurities | ≤ 0.50% | RP-HPLC Integration |
| Residual Solvents | Ethanol ≤ 5000 ppm, Ethyl Acetate ≤ 5000 ppm, THF ≤ 720 ppm | Headspace Gas Chromatography (HS-GC-FID) |
| Heavy Metals / Elemental Impurities | Meets ICH Q3D limits (Pb, As, Cd, Hg ≤ 10 ppm total) | ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spec) |
| Loss on Drying / Moisture Content | ≤ 0.50% (Karl Fischer Water Titration) | Karl Fischer Titrimetry / Thermogravimetric |
| Polymorphic Form | Stable Form I (Crystalline structure certified) | X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) & DSC |
Achieving whitepaper-level quality for Indobufen API demands rigid adherence to E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, and Trustworthiness) guidelines across the chemical synthesis sequence. The industrial production pathway requires precise controlled cyclization of phthalic anhydride derivatives with 2-(4-aminophenyl)butanoic acid intermediates under controlled thermal conditions.
Strict monitoring of organic process-related impurities, including condensation intermediates and oxidative degradation products, via LC-MS/MS. Thermal stress testing and forced degradation studies under acid, base, oxidation, and photolytic stress establish robust product stability profiles.
Customized micronization technologies enable tight particle size distribution (PSD) tailored to specific solid oral dosage formulation requirements ($D_{90} < 20\,\mu\text{m}$ or micronized grades for immediate release matrix tablets), ensuring optimized dissolution kinetics ($Q > 85\%$ at 15 minutes).
Synthesized in dedicated, multi-purpose automated reactors equipped with online process analytical technology (PAT). Facility design complies fully with ICH Q7 guidelines, maintaining complete batch traceability and data integrity throughout manufacturing execution systems (MES).
The global pharmaceutical purchasing paradigm relies heavily on resilience, scalable capacity, cost competitiveness, and raw material sovereignty. As a premier Chinese chemical and API manufacturing ecosystem partner, Gentolex leverages structural supply chain advantages that guarantee uncompromised supply continuity for international B2B clients:
Procuring Indobufen API for commercial drug products requires comprehensive regulatory documentation. We provide full technical dossier packages enabling seamless filings across major regulatory jurisdictions:
Our support encompasses US DMF (Drug Master File), EU EDMF/CEP submissions, China NMPA registration numbers, and ASEAN Common Technical Document (ACTD) frameworks. Additionally, our dedicated regulatory team assists localized partners in Latin America (ANVISA, COFEPRIS), Africa (SAHPRA), and the Middle East with custom stability validation data generated under ICH Zone IVb conditions ($30^\circ\text{C} / 75\%\text{ RH}$ real-time and $40^\circ\text{C} / 75\%\text{ RH}$ accelerated stability testing).
Indobufen is primarily indicated for conditions requiring sustained antithrombotic therapy without exposing patients to excessive hemorrhagic risks. Key application scenarios include:
The global demand for reversible antiplatelet active ingredients like Indobufen is projected to expand significantly over the coming decade. Key growth drivers include:
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